Internal-combustion engine.



I. REMI/lm.,A INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY-17.1916.

'Patented vNov 5, 1918.

Qns. 2

:MEN-ron f L BMMEN.

1 [NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17.1916- 1,283,900, man@ Non 5, 1918 4SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. L g' Y E 4 l w wg n 1 ,l\ 39 l we Q r mi Lo i 1 wmnnmsxx WITNESSES; s)s ENYENTOR y M/M- L REW/IEN. :NTERNAL cbMBusnoN ENGlNE.

'APPLICATION man uw 1r, wie.

:Patented Nov. 5, 19181 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 INVEN-ron i my lixiiirfgfiiinh'eui Shell ii EL 'L r.) iii a Ui@ umili @"'iiiidezf imi waiveumimioiaigf this exhaust. port.

Tho, shaft 35 carries :a gear wilma! 58 which cemiiest with :i gon xhoe59 fixed on the Hive shaft 4:8. The. 11min shaft. mmf-vs dockwicunsequmitly the cranks icipi'@ uiting; the miv@ pistons are roi-,ated@multe-i*- wisn :i wili b@ obvious* of 5cmwheel 4:5?) is om, hah that oigom' whiicls und 54k-, (zoneqniitly H1@ i'ccip1rommm @if H119, pistonmiws i-Qquii'cs hmblu m tima of the iecipi'orntimi of the engine piston.The iii-lunetta' if 5m11- whcols 5S and 39 is the same, conssfflieuiiy'the wlw shaft is imifitv :it 0110 half the speedof the Liiwiiish i),and in the 51mm (ioction.

ii Fi u and 4. details of the distribuiy Shown. The Meer@ JA: is.: cuifing Aifzizi'md 'by the casting DLL ,m Valve. T' n im@ misi :im -sxmsmii(SC3 in 'uch miixficg :i wheel, whip ed to .roti-ite the sleeve',

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nec indem nd et "i im the 'fork 102, and has 'one end connected to alink 110, and its other end connecter lag; a pin to the fork 100 of the'plunger 95. A suitable peeking' 111 is n'ovided around the largeplunger The operation olli this balanced pre. 'ure valve Will bereadilyY understood, and is ae follows :`-Air troni the tank throughpipe S1 enters the ehaniher 94 and presses against the end of theplunger 95. .tornino it outward in opposition to the spring; 101'". Thepres sure of this spring adjusted, and set to the required degree ln'means oit the hearing; nut 11'2. Vr'hen the plunger is 'forced lack 'nypressure of air to its noi-unil i-iosition, as shown in ligr. air passesaround the plunger head and into the Cluu'nher 89, towing.; the largeplunger Si inward as opposed to the spring; 87, to the position shown inFig'. (l, which is normal 'when the engine is running'. This rotates theValve sleeve fle-flV to normal running' position, and holds it there solong' as air pressure is up to the lined niinirnuni point. 1Whenpressure in the tank falls, the spring' 8i' tends to toreo the plunger84- out'n'ard, to the position limitedv by the wall 91. But it isdesirable that this movementk should he quick, so that thedistrilnitingi` valve Sleeve .may he changed 'troni one position to theothe" at one rnorenient. This is accomplished by means oi" the aux`iliary plunger, which ris in etleot a `pilot valve. Being of smallerdiameter, 'this 4sn'laller valve works through its packing' easily, andwhen the air pressine'talls the spring 107' 'readily forces it inward tothe position determined h5' ahutnunt with the end Wall of Chamber Sill,as shown in Fin'. St In this position oluunher 89 is shut olf troni theair supply and the pas: 93 registers `with the passage 99. thusreleasing the pressure in elunnher 89, by opening it to the atmosphereinsefu|e1itl ,f the smaller plunger will operate before the largerstarts to move at all, and as soon as the opening' 99 registers withpassage 93, the air pressure on plunger S5 will he entirely removed, andspring 87 will quickly throw it out of the normal position shown a ndinto the position limited by Contact with the wallv Ell, as shown` Thischauffes the distrioutuw" C? lb in Fig'. t). valve so that air is pumpeddirectly troni the inname engine to the tank until the pressure israised to the required point, as willige more telly described below.

The lever S is connected by link 110,4 and any forni ot Connection 113to the handle' 79. This inen'iher, which may he in an); 'other desiredforni, such as a toot` pedal, is located at a convenient. point, and ismanually operated when it desired to start the ein gine. When operatedthe three-Way if'alve thrown int-o the position shown in Fig. t?,permitting passage o1 air from the tank to the elnnnher L13, the plunger95 is forced inv/ard to its limiting position, thus releasing pressureon the plunger 85, and allowing the sleeve of the distributing valve tobe thrown into starting ,position7 shown in Fig. 7'.

A pipe 114; leads from the tank to a elianiher 115 which has a port 11GConnect ing with the chamber 25, controlled hy a snifting Valve 117,permit-ting passage of air from the Chamber to Chamber 115, lint beingelosed against return. See Fig. 2.

The operation ot the engine is as fol lowe:-H

Supposing the starting tank to he charged with compressed air, as it.nornially'will he, the engine is started 'by pulling the lbutton 1"9,thus throwing' the three-'Way valve into the `position shown in Fig. 9,allowing passage oit Compressed air from -the tanlr to the At thesaine-time the lever 10S Chaniher 43. is actuated, and the balancedpressure valve ineehanisni operates as above described to throw thedistributing Valve sleeve into the position shown in Fig. 7..Presinningv that one o't the pistons is in a position. representing'the Charging stroke, that is, moving downward on the oyele whichnormally draws an explosive ohargeinto 'the explosion chamber, as Willnb'rays he the with one Apieton ot a four-eyeleengine conigris ing touror more cylinders, the throwing' of the distrihutingr valve sleeve tothe starting 'position and admission oit' air pressure to chamber 43,will 'permit the transfer of 'pressure from chamber 43 through thedistributing 'valve h3' 'Way of passages 47, G5 and 45, to the chamberQ5. which opens into the larger here of the cylinder, and so eX pose thelarger piston head to 'air pressure. Consequently the pistoni.. will he:forced downward through what corresponds to the charging` or inductionstroke. of the engine. By the time that particular stroke has heencompleted, the valve 18 will have turned through 90 degrees, closing thepassage of air to the Cylinder of the piston first actuated, andadnxitting air to nieve the piston following the first at an angle of180 degrees, and so on, continuously, one piston after another beingactuated by the air pressure. lt will he seen that this airis supplied1n such manner as not to interfere 5 in mum ump a not p f comme...

passages te the larger bore, and Connections to aetua'te the pistonvalves to arlniit air eo1n pressed in the larger here to the explosionchamber during' the compression strokes oi the piston..

10. A tour-cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder ha ving;r alarger and a smaller bore, a double diameter piston Working in the here,an inletr port 4for explosive gras to the smaller bore and an exhaustport tor exploded therefrom, hollow piston valves controlling the inletand exhaust ports and having openings adapted to register with passageste the larger bore, and connections to actuate the piston valves to openthe enN haunt port and to admit air from the larger bore into theexplosion chamber during the scavenging stroke of the piston.

11. A. touneyele explosivev engine compris-- ing a cylinder having' alarger and a smaller bore, a double diameter piston working in the bore,an inlet port for explosive 0'as to the smaller bore and an exhaust portYlor eX- ploded gas therefrom, hollow piston valves controlling theinlet and exhaust ports and having openings adapted to register withpassages to the langer bore, and means close the exhaust port and toadmit air it'r n the larger bore to the explosion :khan er during the;compression stroke.

l' A tolilrrjvele explosive engine ronil'iris ing; a cylinder harina( alarger and a smaller hote, a double diameter nston working in the here,an inlet port `t'or explosive ,iras to the smaller bore and an exhaust'port tor ev.d plotted tlwrefrmn, lmlloa piston valves Controlling* theinlet aud exhaust ports and hav' g openings adapted to ruggistt-l withpassages to the larger here, etninmtious to aetuate the valves to admitan explosive charge to the snlalhn" bore and to exhfmst burnt gasesthereifroin, and means lo 'torre air compressed in the larger herethrough the 'alves to cool them.

titan-cycle explosion engine eoi'up "a ing a. cylinder h.: :ingr alarger/"and a smaller boreK a double i ianieter pis-lon working; in thebore` an inlet port 'tor explosive gas to the smaller here and anexhaust port tor er 'loded gas therefrom, hollmv piston valves Qontroling the inlet and edia 't ports a nel ha 'ing openings adapted toregister with pasaages to the larger bore, rounmv'tionn to artuate thevalves to admit an explosive ehargeto the smaller bore and to exhaustburnt gases herefroin, and nneans to 'torce air compressed in the largerbore through the valves and the eqjflosion rl'zamber to cool thorn.

14.- The combination nf'ith a multiple? cylinder explosive engine havinginlet and exhaust valves, air (compressing means assoelated with eachcylinder, and an air dis tributing valve, ot a chamber leading from theair compressing moana tothe distributing valve, said distributing 'valvecomprising a perforated rol-ary sleeve, ay rotary shaft inside thesleeve, passages through the rotary shaft adapted to register with theperforations in the sleeve, means connected to the engine shaft torotate, .theV valve shaft, and 'pas res beyond the" distributing valveadapted to lead air therefrom to a storage tank, and to the exhaustvalves of the engine.

l5. The combination with a multp1ecylinder explosive engine having inletand exhaust valves and air compressing means associated with eachcylinder, of an air stortank and a distributing valve adapted to leadair compressed b v the engine to the exhaust valves of the explosiveChambers and to the storage tank, said distributing valve comprising achamber Connected to the air compressing means, a rotary sleevehavingperlorations therein forming outlets from said chamber, a rotary shaftinside the sleeve having passages eut therein ada ted inter niittentlyto register with the per 'orations in the surrounding sleeve, and otherpassages .connected with said perforations beyond the rotaryv valvedevice leading to the exhaust' valve.V of the engine and to the storagetank,`

respoetively. 1

lll.V The combination with a multiplef "inder explosive engine havinginlet and 'must valves and air compressing means tank; and a valveadapted 4tedistribute i oranpreased by the engine to the storage tankand to the exhaust valves ot the engine,

leadin; from the air eornpressing means and. eonxlirising a rotin-ysleeve having perforationb' therein torining outlets from said passage,a rotary shaft inside the sleeve having' channels eut `therein adaptedto register with the per 'ations in: the sleeve, passages beyond thes'aeeve connected to perforations t :frein and leading; to the storagetank, and .he enhauatvalves, and means to turn l sleeve whereby toControl the disoil, air therethrough. l i a, innitipleazlvlinderexplosive engine ha air compressing means and inlet and naast 'valvesassociated with each evil-ml i airstorage tank, a valve adapted to rhs'route air to the storage tank and to thi: exi ausl; valves of theexplosive cylinders, said distributing; valve comprising a rotarysleeve, haring periorations therein, a eha1n ber on one side ot sadsleeve connected to the air eoni'irewi ig in urns, passages on the 'iXher side ot the sleeve connected to the e tank and to the exhaustvalves and to'sairl perfrations, a rotary shaft inside the ,sleevehaving; channels out therein adapted to register with the peritel-ationsof the sleeve, l'neansroxlneeted to the engine shaft to rotate the valveshaft, and manually operated means to shift the position of the oeiatedwith each eylindeiglof an air stor- .100 Said distrllnzting valveeontrolling a passage lll) essere@ rotary sleeve whereby to control thedistribution of air through said valve.

18. In combination with a distributing Valve for air compressed by amultiplecylinder explosive engine, said valve comprising a rotary sleevehaving perforations therein, a rotary shaft inside the sleeve 'havingpassages therethrough adapted to register with said perforations, andpassages leading from the perforations whereby to distribute thecompressed air, means to control the position of the rotary sleevecomprising a gear Wheel connected to the end of said sleeve, a rackengaging the Wheel, a piston connected to said rack, a spring pressingthe piston in one direction, and an air chamber adapted to exertpressure in opposition to the spring, a source of compressed air, aconnection from said source to the piston chamber, and a pilot valvecontrolling the connection between the source of compressed air andpiston chamber and manually operated means to control the pilot valvewhereby to shift the sleeve to control 'tributing valve for explosiveengines comprising a perforated sleeve having a notched shaft adapted tobe rotated in the sleeve, comprising a' gear Wheel attached to the endof the sleeve, a rack engaging said gear wheel, a coil spring at one endof the rack, and a piston at the other end, connection from the end ofthe piston to a source of compressed air, a valve controlling theconnection from the source of compressed air to the piston, and manuallyoperated means to open said valve to admit air to. actuate the pistonagainst spring pressure to change the position of said rotary sleeve.

In testimony whereof have hereunto set my hand.

JRGEN REMMEN..

Witness GLENN H. Leersum.

